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French version |
The issues from 1 to 148 are also available on line at NUMDAM and at Revues.org for the following issues |
- Results for criterions:
- Keyword: Condorcet
3 matches
| Title | Condorcet and "The art of drawing up historical tables" |
| Author | RIEUCAU Nicolas |
| Keywords | Classification, Computing, Condorcet, Databases, History, Progress |
| Topics | Classification - Clustering - Partitioning, Computer Sciences, Epistemology, History of sciences |
| Abstract | A Member of the Encyclopedists’ group and “Secrétaire perpétuel” of the French Academy of Sciences, Condorcet (1743-1794) was particularly interested in the subject of classification in the realm of human knowledge as well as in the realm of Nature. He did not only comment the works of his contemporaries on this subject, but also developed his own thinking about the principles of taxonomy. A direct product of this thinking is his original and quite unknown classification of the history of the progress of the human mind, called Table de référence. This Table was elaborated in three coded dimensions – rows, columns and depth – supposed to allow the storage, identification and processing of historical data. The fact that the Table de référence remained unfinished is easy to understand if one conceives it as an exploratory construction intended by Condorcet for future generations. The Table de référence is also in Condorcet’s view an expression of the power of analysis, which is for him synonymous with mathematical calculus. As a consequence, the process of classification is conceived as a purely mechanical operation, and makes Condorcet’s research an explicit forerunner of punched cards systems and automatic data processing. |
| Number | 176, Winter 2006, special issue: Contribution to the history of probabilities. Tribute issue to Bernard Bru |
| Language | French |
| Title | Condorcet and social mathematics; enthusiastic and yet... |
| Author | FELDMAN Jacqueline |
| Keywords | Classification, Condorcet, Social mathematics, Universal language |
| Topics | History of Mathematics, History of sciences, Social Sciences |
| Abstract | Condorcet was the last of the encyclopaedists : a "geometer" and fervent advocate of “public good”, he believed in the unlimited progress of the human mind and knowledge. Reason, which had served the natural sciences so well, had henceforth to serve the “moral sciences”, whose aim is human happiness. He was the first to propose and think out “social mathematics”. While the nineteenth century paid almost no heed to that, for half a century now he has gained academic renown as a forerunner of mathematics applied to the social sciences. The present article traces the evolution of his ideas – especially his early reluctance, which is shared by some people today. It also looks at other less well-known aspects of his thought, such as the importance he attached to “the art of making tables” and the devising of an universal language which would enable every one to share scientific knowledge. Lastly it shows that beyond the fervent enthousiasm of maturity he was aware of possible misuses. |
| Number | 172, Winter 2005, special issue: Models and mathematical methods in the social sciences: contributions and limits |
| Language | French |
| Title | Votes and paradoxes: elections are not monotonous! |
| Author | HUDRY Olivier |
| Keywords | Borda, Condorcet, Hamilton, Jefferson, Paradoxe, Proportional representation, Two-round voting, Voting theory |
| Topics | Decision Theory, Orders and preorders, Voting |
| Abstract | The aim of this paper is to illustrate some paradoxes arising from voting theory, in order to elect one person as well as several ones with a system of proportional representation. Based on simple examples, its ambition is to reach a large audience rather than researchers only. Some of these examples exploit the fact that voting procedures are not necessarily monotonous; some others illustrate other kinds of paradoxes. |
| Number | 163, Fall 2003, special issue: Social choice theory: golden jubilee |
| Language | French |
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