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| Title |
Composition and structure of social networks |
| Author |
FRANK Ove |
| Keywords |
None |
| Topics |
Graphs, Networks, Social Sciences, Statistics, Stochastic Processes |
| Abstract |
Social networks representing one or more relationships between individuals and one or more categorical characteristics of the individuals exhibit both structure and composition. Probabilistic models of such networks can be used for analyzing the interrelations between structural and compositional variables, for instance in order to find how structure can be explained by composition or how structure explains composition. Different models are discussed and different statistical methods are employed to illustrate such interrelationships in network data. |
| Number |
137, Spring 1997, special issue: A few models for social networks analysis |
| Language |
 English | Read the article
Read the article
| Title |
Structural analysis of social networks with respect to different levels of aggregation |
| Author |
HUMMELL Hans-J., SODEUR Wolfgang |
| Keywords |
None |
| Topics |
Data Analysis, Mathematical Statistics, Networks, Sociology |
| Abstract |
The article aims at the integration of the two research traditions of multi-level and of network analysis. To this effect, a strategy is presented which can be traced back to P.F. Lazarsfeld and H. Menzel's typology of units and of their properties. After having extended their classification to take account of more network concepts than was needed at their time, the Lazarsfeld-Menzel-Classification is used as a conceptual instrument to translate a research question, which first looks like a specialty of network analysis, into a standard problem of treating relationships between variables of different units at different levels of aggregation. Though the data set to be analyzed is taken from sociometric research and the selected theoretical framework from "balance" and "transitivity" theory of social psychology, it should be clear that the proposed research strategy is not restricted to the empirical or theoretical specificities of the example chosen for its illustration. |
| Number |
137, Spring 1997, special issue: A few models for social networks analysis |
| Language |
English | Read the article
| Title |
Social network evolution and actor oriented models |
| Author |
ZEGGELINK Evelien P.H. |
| Keywords |
None |
| Topics |
Algorithms - Algorithmic Theory, Dynamical Systems, Networks, Recurrence equations, Social Sciences, Stochastic Processes |
| Abstract |
We present an overview of different actor oriented models of network evolution, that have been developed in the last couple of years. The models are constructed in different fields of application and all have in common that the emergence of network structure is directly or indirectly of interest. Each model is based on a set of actors and a set of behavioral rules of these actors, resulting in interaction mechanisms and the coming into existence of some network pattern of relationships. Actors vary from individuals and families to political parties. Relationships are either directed or undirected and vary from friendship to cooperation, and access to coalition partners.
Simulation is used to obtain distribution of possible resulting network structure because this and other aspects of the models, make it hard to be solved analytically. We think that the use of this kind of simulation models, by examining the influence of both endogeneous and exogeneous variables, contributes to improvement of theory building. |
| Number |
137, Spring 1997, special issue: A few models for social networks analysis |
| Language |
English | Read the article
| Title |
Parameters in collective decision making models: estimation and sensitivity |
| Author |
SNIJDERS Tom A. B., ZEGGELINK Evelien P.H., STOKMAN Frans-N. |
| Keywords |
None |
| Topics |
Decision Theory, Game Theory, Networks, Process, Social Sciences, Stochastic Processes, Voting |
| Abstract |
Simulation models for collective decision making are based on theoretical and empirical insight in the decision making process, but still contain a number of parameters of which the values are determined ad hoc. For the dynamic access model, some of such parameters are discussed, and it is proposed to extend the utility functions with a random term of which the variance also is an unknown parameter. These parameters can be estimated by fitting model predictions to data, where the predictions can refer to decision outcomes but also to network structure generated as a part of the decision making process. Given the stochastic nature of the model, this parameter estimation can be carried out with the Robbins Monro process. Such fitting is not completely straightforward: statistics must be chosen on which to base the parameter estimation, it is not certain a priori that there will be a solution to the estimating equation and that the Robbins Monro process will converge. The method is illustrated with data from the financial restructuring of a large company. |
| Number |
137, Spring 1997, special issue: A few models for social networks analysis |
| Language |
English | Read the article
| Title |
Structural endogamy and the network |
| Author |
WHITE Douglas R. |
| Keywords |
None |
| Topics |
Algorithms - Algorithmic Theory, Anthropology - Ethnology, Demography, Graphs, Networks, Process |
| Abstract |
This article, one of a series, approaches the topics of marriage and kinship through a revitalized kinetic structural approach that shifts the primary focus from abstract models of rules, terminologies, attitudes and norms to exploration of concrete relations in a population, analyzed graph-theoretically in their full complexity as networks. Network representation using the graphe de parenté (see below) serves as the basis for examining marriage alliance theory, population structure (such as endogamy and exogamy, inbreeding, subgroups), as well as other possible concepts of general sociological interest, including social formations such as classes, strata, ethnicity, and elites (Schweizer and White 1997). This type of potentially multi-layered structural approach extends to the study of structures and processes of actual marriage and kinship practices and other forms of social linkage that build off of them. Identification of structure and processes which occur in such networks is enhanced by mapping attributes or dynamic variables onto the armature of the kinship graph. Any number of theoretical questions concerning kinship and marriage may be posed or restated to address questions of the structure of kinship networks, and thus depend upon such analysis for deeper critical insights. The focus in this discussion is specifically on the connections between graph-theoretic analysis and various substantive theoretical questions concerning kinship and marriage networks. |
| Number |
137, Spring 1997, special issue: A few models for social networks analysis |
| Language |
English | Read the article
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