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Results n° 1 to 8 of 57 matches
| Title |
Pavel A. Pevzner, "Bio-informatique moléculaire : une approche algorithmique", Traduction de Delphine Hachez, Springer, Coll. Iris, 2006. |
| Author |
GUENOCHE Alain |
| Keywords |
None |
| Topics |
Book review, Algorithms - Algorithmic Theory, Biology, Computer Sciences, Modelling |
| Abstract |
Book review |
| Number |
179, Fall 2007 |
| Language |
 French | Read the article
| Title |
Condorcet and "The art of drawing up historical tables" |
| Author |
RIEUCAU Nicolas |
| Keywords |
Classification, Computing, Condorcet, Databases, History, Progress |
| Topics |
Classification - Clustering - Partitioning, Computer Sciences, Epistemology, History of sciences |
| Abstract |
A Member of the Encyclopedists' group and «Secrétaire perpétuel» of the French Academy of Sciences, Condorcet (1743-1794) was particularly interested in the subject of classification in the realm of human knowledge as well as in the realm of Nature. He did not only comment the works of his contemporaries on this subject, but also developed his own thinking about the principles of taxonomy. A direct product of this thinking is his original and quite unknown classification of the history of the progress of the human mind, called Table de référence. This Table was elaborated in three coded dimensions - rows, columns and depth - supposed to allow the storage, identification and processing of historical data. The fact that the Table de référence remained unfinished is easy to understand if one conceives it as an exploratory construction intended by Condorcet for future generations. The Table de référence is also in Condorcet's view an expression of the power of analysis, which is for him synonymous with mathematical calculus. As a consequence, the process of classification is conceived as a purely mechanical operation, and makes Condorcet's research an explicit forerunner of punched cards systems and automatic data processing. |
| Number |
176, Winter 2006, special issue: Contribution to the history of probabilities. Tribute issue to Bernard Bru |
| Language |
French | Read the article
| Title |
An introduction to databases and to the foundations of the relational case |
| Author |
DEL VIGNA Claude |
| Keywords |
Databases, Logic, Relational model |
| Topics |
Computer Sciences, Databases, Logic |
| Abstract |
This paper is divided between two volumes of the review. The introduction presents some of the general principles of database (DB) systems. The rest of the text addresses certain mathematical and technical aspects of the relational DB systems. In the introduction, DB systems are described as programming tools and the notion of DB machine is introduced. The following chapters formally describe the steps to design a skeleton of a relational DB machine. The last chapter examines the expressive power of the tool previously described. Because of its elegant simplicity, the advances it made possible, and its wide diffusion, the relational case has a special place in the DB discipline. It is, in some ways, representative of the DB methods. This article presents only a limited part of the wide range of theoretical and practical knowlege covered by the relational case. |
| Number |
169, Spring 2005 |
| Language |
French | Read the article
| Title |
Type theory and proof processing system |
| Author |
DOWEK Gilles |
| Keywords |
Computation, Deduction, Function, Mathematical language, Proof, Proof processing systems, Set theory, Type theory |
| Topics |
Computer Sciences, Computing, Logic, Sets, Software |
| Abstract |
Since the end of the sixties, several computer programs allowing to process mathematical knowledge, and in particular mathematical proofs, have been designed. Building such programs raises new questions, in particular that of the conception of logical frameworks where mathematics can be formalized in practice. This is a new direction for fundational studies, more interested, so far, in formalization of mathematics in principle, than in practice. Several reasons explain that the designers of such programs often chose type theory rather than set theory to formalize mathematics. |
| Number |
165, Spring 2004, special issue: Constructive type theory |
| Language |
French | Read the article
Read the article
| Title |
Learning of the pre-structured concept set of a domain: the Galex tool |
| Author |
TURENNE Nicolas |
| Keywords |
, Concept learning, Corpus analysis, Knowledge acquisition, Ontology, Statistical data analysis, Terms clustering, Text-mining |
| Topics |
Cognitive Sciences, Computer Sciences, Data Analysis, Graphs, Linguistics |
| Abstract |
The huge amount of electronic textual information increases exponentially just as easily as archives and working documents in academic organizations, in administration and in firms. A solution for structuring this mountain of textual database is to build a knowledge model to index this information. One way can be obtained by data extraction and classification producing conceptual indexing by knowledge acquisition. Traditionally the classification methods of Data Analysis were adapted while used for the classical table of data under an object/characteristics/value format. We present Galex (Graph Analyzer for LEXicometry) which develops structuration of knowledge by a term clustering method. This structuration synthetizes the content of information providing the mapping data to information filtering or hypertextual navigation on similar documents. Galex aims at taking into account the nature of the data to which it is applied : natural language. The complexity of natural language is well known: sense ambiguity, multiple grammatical construction of sentence, style, term creationáWe show through integration of poorly defined, though useful as concept, ontology, term and corpus, notions that clustering can be improved by adding linguistic knowledge. We base our approach on typical phenomena such as graph-statistical relations between terms, scheme relations in a context and canonical reduction of variants. |
| Number |
148, Winter 1999 |
| Language |
French | Read the article
| Title |
A logic-based environment for developing natural language processing applications |
| Author |
MILHAUD Gérard, GODBERT Elisabeth |
| Keywords |
None |
| Topics |
Cognitive Sciences, Computer Sciences, Linguistics, Logic, Semantics |
| Abstract |
We present a system providing a set of tools for developing natural language processing (NLP) applications such as natural language interfaces, communication aid systems, etc. This system is based on two principles : modularity of knowledge representation to ensure the portability of the system, and guided sentence composition to ensure transparency, i.e. to ensure that the produced sentences are well-formed at the lexical, syntactic, semantic and conceptual levels. We first describe the formalisms we have defined for knowledge representation. Then we explain how guided sentence composition is carried out. Finally, we give several examples of applications developed from this system. |
| Number |
143, Fall 1998 |
| Language |
 English | Read the article
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