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Results n° 1 to 8 of 71 matches
| Title |
Aspects of the ethnomathematics of the game awele |
| Author |
CHEMILLIER Marc |
| Keywords |
Awele, Cognition, Ethnomathematics, Game, Mixed strategy |
| Topics |
Anthropology - Ethnology, Cognitive Sciences, Combinatorics, Game Theory |
| Abstract |
Ethnomathematics is a new domain focusing on activities of traditional societies based on mathematical concepts such as numbers, forms, arrangements. Generally speaking, these activities are not associated with spoken descriptions from people doing them. It is thus difficult to analyse the way they conceive the mathematical notions underlying them. A game such as the awele played in Africa is an exception, since players can explain their strategies. The purpose of this article is to compare some mathematical properties of awele, and some explanations given by players of this game, in order to evaluate the distance between these two points of view. |
| Number |
181, Spring 2008 |
| Language |
 French | Read the article
| Title |
Foreword to the special issue : "Mathematics and phonology" |
| Author |
BERGOUNIOUX Gabriel, BERGOUNIOUX Maïtine, NGUYEN Noël, WAUQUIER Sophie |
| Keywords |
None |
| Topics |
Cognitive Sciences, Linguistics, Mathematic models, Phonology, Probabilities, Statistical inference, Stochastic models, Time Series |
| Abstract |
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| Number |
180, Winter 2007, special issue: Mathematics and phonology |
| Language |
French | Read the article
| Title |
What kind of research project for mathematics with phonology? |
| Author |
BERGOUNIOUX Gabriel, BERGOUNIOUX Maïtine, NGUYEN Noël, WAUQUIER Sophie |
| Keywords |
Algebra, Cognitivism, I-language, Mathematics, Phonology, Topology |
| Topics |
Cognitive Sciences, Linguistics, Mathematic models, Phonology, Probabilities, Statistical inference, Stochastic models, Time Series |
| Abstract |
We provide a discussion of the state of the art of current inquiries both in Linguistics and in Mathematics and describe the relation that has existed between these disciplines since Troubetzkoy's proposal. In particular, we emphasize the challenge it has been for Mathematics to include Phonology as one of its objects. |
| Number |
180, Winter 2007, special issue: Mathematics and phonology |
| Language |
French | Read the article
| Title |
From features to contours why forms, not acoustic signals, shoud be modelled |
| Author |
BRANDAO DE CARVALHO Joaquim |
| Keywords |
Autosegmental phonology, Contours, Formal phonology, Phonological features, Phonological primitives, VOT |
| Topics |
Cognitive Sciences, Linguistics, Mathematic models, Phonology, Probabilities, Statistical inference, Stochastic models, Time Series |
| Abstract |
- It is argued here that the object of mathematical modelling in phonology should consist of discrete formal categories, not of phonetic parameters, contrary to the claims of current empiricist approaches to phonological knowledge. In any case, the existence of 'temporal patterns', emphasized by these approaches, is not an acceptable argument against formal phonology: temporal 'contours' are shown to be necessary objects in phonological theory. Indeed, most so-called phonological features should be viewed as emerging from such contours. To what extent this is the case depends on whether phonological notions like 'autosegmental association' could actually be mathematically grounded. As a result, the less metaphorical the concepts of phonological theory are, the more abstract the content of its primitives is. |
| Number |
180, Winter 2007, special issue: Mathematics and phonology |
| Language |
 English | Read the article
| Title |
A stochastic model for the speech sonority |
| Author |
CASSANDRO Mario, COLLET Pierre, DUARTE Denise, GALVES Antonio, GARCIA Jesus |
| Keywords |
Cross-linguistic estimation of the cut-points, Speech sonority, Stationarity chains, Tied quantized chains, Universal cut-points |
| Topics |
Cognitive Sciences, Linguistics, Mathematic models, Phonology, Probabilities, Statistical inference, Stochastic models, Time Series |
| Abstract |
We study families of bounded real valued tied quantized chains. The chains are tied together by the assumption that there is a universal partition of the range, such that the distribution of the chains, conditioned on each interval of the partition is independent of the chain. We define a new class of cross estimators for the cut-points separating these intervals and prove their asymptotic consistency. We apply our results to model the sonority time evolution of different languages using a linguistic corpus with 1667 sentences from eight different languages. We show that a model with four universal cut-points is in good agreement with the data. The new notion of family of tied quantized chains should be relevant for modeling other situations in which different stochastic agents express themselves using the same type of interface. |
| Number |
180, Winter 2007, special issue: Mathematics and phonology |
| Language |
English | Read the article
| Title |
On segments and syllables in the sound structure of language: curve-based approaches to phonology and the auditory repre-sentation of speech |
| Author |
CROUZET Olivier |
| Keywords |
Mental representation, Phonemes, Segments, Speech perception, Syllabes |
| Topics |
Cognitive Sciences, Linguistics, Mathematic models, Phonology, Probabilities, Statistical inference, Stochastic models, Time Series |
| Abstract |
Recent approaches to the syllable reintroduce continuous and mathematical descriptions of sound objects designed as «curves». Psycholinguistic research on oral language perception usually refer to symbolic and highly hierarchized approaches to the syllable which strongly differenciate segments (phones) and syllables. Recent work on the auditory bases of speech perception evidence the ability of listeners to extract phonetic information when strong degradations of the speech signal have been produced in the spectro-temporal domain. Implications of these observations for the modelling of syllables in the fields of speech perception and phonology are discussed. |
| Number |
180, Winter 2007, special issue: Mathematics and phonology |
| Language |
English | Read the article
| Title |
Probability for linguists |
| Author |
GOLDSMITH John |
| Keywords |
Bigram, Entropy, Probability, Unigram |
| Topics |
Cognitive Sciences, Linguistics, Mathematic models, Phonology, Probabilities, Statistical inference, Stochastic models, Time Series |
| Abstract |
This paper offers a gentle introduction to probability for linguists, assuming little or no background beyond what one learns in high school. The most important points that we emphasize are: the conceptual difference between probability and frequency, the use of maximizing probability of an Kullback-Leibler divergence. |
| Number |
180, Winter 2007, special issue: Mathematics and phonology |
| Language |
English | Read the article
| Title |
Bottom-up learning of phonemes: a computational study |
| Author |
LE CALVEZ Rozenn, PEPERKAMP Sharon, DUPOUX Emmanuel |
| Keywords |
Language acquisition, Phonology, Statistical learning |
| Topics |
Cognitive Sciences, Linguistics, Mathematic models, Phonology, Probabilities, Statistical inference, Stochastic models, Time Series |
| Abstract |
We present a computational evaluation of a hypothesis according to which distributional information is sufficient to acquire allophonic rules (and hence phonemes) in a bottom-up fashion. The hypothesis was tested using a measure based on information theory that compares distributions. The test was conducted on several artificial language corpora and on two natural corpora containing transcriptions of speech directed to infants from two typologically distant languages (French and Japanese). The measure was comple-mented with three filters, one concerning the statistical reliability due to sample size and two concerning the following universal properties of allophonic rules: constituents of an allophonic rule should be phonetically similar, and allophonic rules should be assimilatory in nature. |
| Number |
180, Winter 2007, special issue: Mathematics and phonology |
| Language |
French | Read the article
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