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French version |
The issues from 1 to 148 are also available on line at NUMDAM and at Revues.org for the following issues |
- Results for criterions:
- Topic: Dynamical Systems
Results n° 1 to 8 of 14 matches
Page 1 . 2 . >> Next page
| Title | Methodological reflexions on non structural modelling: an approach by VAR models and their dynamic extensions |
| Author | MEURIOT Véronique |
| Keywords | Causality, Cointegration, Dynamic, Methodology, Non structural modelling, VAR Modelling |
| Topics | Dynamical Systems, Methodology, Modelling, Regression, Statistics |
| Abstract | Considering the dynamics in economic systems is a central element of the causality concept in economics. Since the Eighties, econometrics seems to be devoted to an important multidirectional investigation, brought about by the acknowled-gement of the relative failure of the estimated macroeconometric models in the Seventies. We propose an epistemological reflexion on the interest and the legitimacy of the evolution of contemporary macroeconometrics, in particular in the field of non structural modelling. It refers to the possible extensions of the models VAR but also to the new macroeconometric methods. |
| Number | 182, Summer 2008 |
| Language | French |
| Title | Statistical physics of collective phenomena in social and economic sciences |
| Author | NADAL Jean-Pierre, GORDON Mirta B. |
| Keywords | Collective phenomena, Discrete choices with externalities, Emergence, Schelling, Social influence, Statistical physics |
| Topics | Dynamical Systems, Economy - Econometrics, Modelling, Sociology |
| Abstract | This article shows how statistical physics may contribute to the modelling of collective phenomena in economics and social science. The main topic here is the study of the global (aggregate) behavior of a large population, when the agents make choices under social influence. We present several examples, starting from pioneering works in economics and sociology, such as those of T. Schelling whose approach has all the flavour of physicists' approaches. |
| Number | 172, Winter 2005, special issue: Models and mathematical methods in the social sciences: contributions and limits |
| Language | French |
| Title | Social influence and diffusion of innovation |
| Author | STEYER Alexandre, ZIMMERMANN Jean-Benoit |
| Keywords | Diffusion, Diffusion curve, Innovation, Learning, Networks, Power law, Social influence, Structure |
| Topics | Diffusion, Dynamical Systems, Networks, Social Sciences |
| Abstract | The notion of diffusion holds a central place in any social system, because it is at the heart of individuals behaviour or representation phasing, hence of the co-ordination of their actions. The idea at the origin of the notion of diffusion is that inter-individual interactions are the driving forces of the evolution of individuals' behaviours, beliefs and represen-tations. Our approach in this paper is based on social influence networks. Agents are embedded in network structures where the influence advance depends on cumulative effects. First we draw the foundations of a diffusion model based on social influence networks. Then we study the way of propagation of influence trough "avalanches" giving a central importance to the network topology. We consider the noise produced by those avalanches as a characteristic of the social structure that can contribute, by learning effect, to transform the network structure, hence the dynamics of the diffusion. We then explain why peculiar "critical" diffusion curves do emerge characterized by a power law instead of the exponential form of traditional diffusion curves. |
| Number | 168, Winter 2004, special issue: Social networks |
| Language | French |
| Title | Towards a neurogeometry. Cortical fibrations, contact structure and subjective contours |
| Author | PETITOT Jean, TONDUT Yannick |
| Keywords | Association field, Contact structure, Elastica, Euler-Lagrange equation, Fibration, Geodesic, Integrability condition, Lie groups, Subjective contours, Variational models, Vielbein |
| Topics | Cognitive Sciences, Dynamical Systems, Epistemology, Geometry, Modelling |
| Abstract | This work presents some variational models for the cortical algorithms processing Kanizsa modal subjective contours . These models are based on the geometric concepts of fibration and contact structure. The retinoptic structure of the orientation hypercolumns in the visual area V1 is a functionnal architecture which can be mathematically idealized by the fibration having the retinian plane M as base and the projective line P1 as fiber F. The total space E of Pi p is isomorphic to the direct product M x F. The cortico-cortical horizontal connections implement what is called the local triviality of this fibration, and also a Cartan connection defining a parallel transport between neighboring fibers. Then the paper focuses on the geometrical interpretation of the results of Field, Hayes and Hess concerning the association field. It shows that the latter implements what is called the contact structure of the fibration. The association field expresses an integrability condition for the skew curves in E : they have to be a lifting of their projection on the retinian plane M. This model of fibration endowed with a contact structure is then applied to the modal subjective contours and provides a variant of the elastica model developped by B.K.P. Horn and D. Mumford. The key idea is that the lifting of subjective contours satisfy a "geodesic" condition in the cortical fibration E : they have to be of minimal lenght (for an appropriate metrics) among the class of curves satisfying the integrability condition. These "geodesic" models are then reformulated, according to R. Bryant and P. Griffiths, in the more fondamental geometric framework of Lie groups and Cartan's "repère mobile" (Vielbein). Finally, some experimental possibilities are suggested. |
| Number | 145, Spring 1999, special issue: Geometry and vision |
| Language | French |
| Title | Viable strategies among fishermen analysed by the anthropologist Fredrik Barth |
| Author | BONNEUIL Noël, SAINT-PIERRE Patrick |
| Keywords | None |
| Topics | Algorithms - Algorithmic Theory, Anthropology - Ethnology, Decision Theory, Dynamical Systems, Process |
| Abstract | The anthropologist Fredrik Barth analysed the social forms generated among Norvegian fishermen. His view is well rendered by the mathematical tools of viability theory. The largest set of states from which economic survival is still possible is calculated, as well as the right decision to take at each moment, between risk-taking and following the other vessels. Moreover, the technical condition that the image of the correspondence describing the process at work must be compact, isviolated. We deal with this difficulty and we present the algorithm. |
| Number | 142, Summer 1998 |
| Language | French |
| Title | Social network evolution and actor oriented models |
| Author | ZEGGELINK Evelien P.H. |
| Keywords | None |
| Topics | Algorithms - Algorithmic Theory, Dynamical Systems, Networks, Recurrence equations, Social Sciences, Stochastic Processes |
| Abstract | We present an overview of different actor oriented models of network evolution, that have been developed in the last couple of years. The models are constructed in different fields of application and all have in common that the emergence of network structure is directly or indirectly of interest. Each model is based on a set of actors and a set of behavioral rules of these actors, resulting in interaction mechanisms and the coming into existence of some network pattern of relationships. Actors vary from individuals and families to political parties. Relationships are either directed or undirected and vary from friendship to cooperation, and access to coalition partners. Simulation is used to obtain distribution of possible resulting network structure because this and other aspects of the models, make it hard to be solved analytically. We think that the use of this kind of simulation models, by examining the influence of both endogeneous and exogeneous variables, contributes to improvement of theory building. |
| Number | 137, Spring 1997, special issue: A few models for social networks analysis |
| Language |  English |
| Title | On the linguistic signification of the catastrophe theory |
| Author | PETITOT Jean |
| Keywords | None |
| Topics | Catastroph Theory, Dynamical Systems, Epistemology, Linguistics, Modelling |
| Abstract | |
| Number | 79, Fall 1982, special issue: Linguistics and Mathematics 3 |
| Language | French |
| Title | Iteration processes in population dynamics and Easterlin's theory |
| Author | ARTZROUNI Marc |
| Keywords | None |
| Topics | Demography, Dynamical Systems, Process, Recurrence equations, Time Series |
| Abstract | |
| Number | 76, Winter 1981 |
| Language | French |
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